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技(ji)術(shu)文(wen)章
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發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)概(gai)述(shu)Overview Of Fermentation Tank
常(chang)見(jian)的(de)發酵(jiao)罐(guan)分為固(gu)體(ti)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)和(he)液(ye)體(ti)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)。發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)根據容積(ji)和用(yong)途(tu)不(bu)同(tong)，分為種(zhong)子(zi)罐（菌種發酵(jiao)罐(guan)）和(he)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)。發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)根據需氧類型(xing)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)又分為通(tong)風(feng)式(shi)發酵(jiao)罐(guan)和(he)厭(yan)氧發酵(jiao)罐(guan)。發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)、種(zhong)子(zi)罐，有碳(tan)鋼(gang)制、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)、高(gao)鎳基合(he)金等，主要(yao)用於生化(hua)發酵(jiao)生產(chan)。如生產(chan)味精(jing)、檸(ning)檬酸(suan)、酶(mei)制(zhi)劑、溶(rong)劑、制藥(yao)、食(shi)品等(deng)行(xing)業。
Common fermentation tanks are divided into solid fermentation tank and liquid fermentation tank. Fermentation tank is divided into seed tank (strain fermentation tank) and fermentation tank according to different volume and purpose. According to different aerobic types, fermentation tanks are divided into ventilated fermentation tanks and anaerobic fermentation tanks. Fermentation tank and seed tank, made of carbon steel, stainless steel and high nickel base alloy, are mainly used for biochemical fermentation production. Such as monosodium glutamate, citric acid, enzyme preparation, solvent, pharmaceutical, food and other industries.
壹(yi)、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)的(de)基本條(tiao)件Basic Conditions Of Fermentation Tank
機械(xie)攪拌發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)是(shi)發(fa)酵(jiao)工(gong)廠(chang)常用(yong)類(lei)型(xing)之(zhi)壹。它是利(li)用機械(xie)攪拌器(qi)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，使(shi)空(kong)氣和醪(lao)液(ye)充分混(hun)合(he)，促(cu)使(shi)氧在醪(lao)液(ye)中溶(rong)解，以(yi)保(bao)證供給(gei)微(wei)生物生長繁殖(zhi)、發(fa)酵(jiao)所需(xu)要(yao)的(de)氧氣。使(shi)用(yong)發酵(jiao)罐(guan)的(de)基本要(yao)求(qiu)：
Mechanical stirring fermentor is one of the commonly used types in fermentation plants. It uses the function of mechanical stirrer to fully mix air and mash, and promote the dissolution of oxygen in mash, so as to ensure the supply of oxygen required for microbial growth, reproduction and fermentation. Basic requirements for using fermentor:
1、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)應(ying)具有(you)適宜的(de)徑高(gao)比。發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)的(de)高(gao)度與(yu)直(zhi)徑(jing)之(zhi)比(bi)壹般為1.7~4倍左(zuo)右，罐身(shen)越長，氧的(de)利(li)用率(lv)較(jiao)高(gao)。
2、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)能承受(shou)壹定(ding)壓(ya)力(li)。由(you)於(yu)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)在消毒及(ji)正常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)，罐(guan)內有(you)壹(yi)定的(de)壓(ya)力(li)（氣壓(ya)與(yu)液(ye)壓(ya)）和(he)溫度，因此罐(guan)體(ti)各(ge)部(bu)件要(yao)有壹定(ding)的(de)強度(du)，能承受(shou)壹定(ding)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)。
3、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)的(de)攪拌(ban)通(tong)風(feng)裝(zhuang)置使(shi)氣(qi)液(ye)充分混(hun)合(he)，保(bao)證發酵(jiao)液(ye)必(bi)須的(de)溶(rong)解氧。
4、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)應(ying)具有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)冷(leng)卻面積(ji)。微(wei)生物生長代謝(xie)過程(cheng)放出(chu)大(da)量的(de)熱量(liang)，為了控制發(fa)酵(jiao)過程(cheng)不(bu)同(tong)階段所需(xu)的(de)溫度，應裝(zhuang)有足(zu)夠的(de)冷(leng)卻面積(ji)。
5、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)內應(ying)盡(jin)量減(jian)少(shao)死(si)角(jiao)，避(bi)免(mian)藏垢(gou)積汙(wu)，滅菌(jun)能力(li)強，避免(mian)染菌(jun)。
6、攪(jiao)拌(ban)器(qi)的(de)軸封應(ying)嚴密(mi)，盡(jin)量(liang)減(jian)少(shao)泄漏。
(1) The fermentation tank shall have appropriate diameter height ratio. The ratio of height to diameter of fermentation tank is generally about 1.7 ~ 4 times. The longer the tank body, the higher the utilization rate of oxygen.
(2) The fermentation tank can withstand certain pressure. Since there is a certain pressure (air pressure and hydraulic pressure) and temperature in the fermentation tank during disinfection and normal operation, all parts of the tank must have a certain strength and can withstand a certain pressure.
(3) The stirring and ventilation device of the fermentation tank can fully mix the gas and liquid to ensure the dissolved oxygen of the fermentation broth.
(4) The fermentation tank shall have sufficient cooling area. Microbial growth and metabolism process releases a lot of heat. In order to control the temperature required in different stages of fermentation process, sufficient cooling area should be installed.
(5) The dead corner shall be minimized in the fermentation tank to avoid dirt accumulation. The sterilization can be complete and bacteria contamination can be avoided.
(6) The shaft seal of the mixer shall be tight to minimize leakage.
二(er)、發酵(jiao)罐(guan)罐(guan)體(ti)尺寸比(bi)例(li)Size Proportion Of Fermentation Tank
罐(guan)體(ti)各(ge)部(bu)分的(de)尺寸有(you)壹定(ding)的(de)比例(li)，罐的(de)高(gao)度與(yu)直(zhi)徑(jing)之(zhi)比(bi)壹般為1.7~4倍左(zuo)右。
發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)通(tong)常(chang)裝(zhuang)有兩(liang)組攪(jiao)拌器(qi)，兩(liang)組攪(jiao)拌器(qi)的(de)間距S約為攪(jiao)拌器(qi)直(zhi)徑的(de)三倍。
對(dui)於(yu)大(da)型(xing)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)以(yi)及(ji)液(ye)體(ti)深(shen)度(du)HL較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)，可(ke)安裝(zhuang)三組(zu)或三(san)組(zu)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)攪拌(ban)器(qi)。
最(zui)下面壹(yi)組(zu)攪拌器(qi)通(tong)常(chang)與(yu)風(feng)管出(chu)口(kou)較(jiao)接近(jin)為好(hao)，與(yu)罐(guan)底(di)的(de)距離(li)C壹(yi)般(ban)等(deng)於(yu)攪拌(ban)器(qi)直(zhi)徑Di，但(dan)也不(bu)宜小於0.8Di，否(fou)則(ze)會(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)液(ye)體(ti)的(de)循環。
The size of each part of the tank body has a certain proportion, and the ratio of tank height to diameter is generally about 1.7 ~ 4 times.
The fermentation tank is usually equipped with two groups of agitators, and the spacing S between the two groups of agitators is about three times the diameter of the agitator.
For large fermentation tanks and those with high liquid depth HL, three or more groups of agitators can be installed.
The bottom group of agitators is usually close to the outlet of the air duct. The distance C from the tank bottom is generally equal to the agitator diameter Di, but it should not be less than 0.8di, otherwise the liquid circulation will be affected.
三(san)、發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)的(de)結構Structure Of Fermentation Tank
好(hao)氣性(xing)機械(xie)攪拌發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)是(shi)密(mi)封(feng)式受壓(ya)設備，主要(yao)部件包括罐(guan)身(shen)、攪(jiao)拌(ban)器(qi)、軸封、打(da)泡(pao)器(qi)、聯(lian)軸器(qi)、中(zhong)間軸承、空(kong)氣吹泡(pao)管（或空(kong)氣噴(pen)射(she)器(qi)）、擋(dang)板、冷(leng)卻裝(zhuang)置、人孔(kong)以(yi)及(ji)管路等。
系(xi)統由(you)發(fa)酵(jiao)罐(guan)，空(kong)氣(qi)處(chu)理系(xi)統、蒸汽(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)系(xi)統、電(dian)器(qi)控制系(xi)統、恒(heng)溫系(xi)統及(ji)管路、閥門、輔助(zhu)系(xi)統，傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)與(yu)壹(yi)次儀表系(xi)統，下位(wei)機控制系(xi)統（現(xian)場(chang)PLC控制系(xi)統，二(er)次儀表），上(shang)位(wei)機系(xi)統以(yi)及(ji)臺架(jia)等組成。
Aerobic mechanical stirring fermentation tank is a sealed pressure equipment, and its main components include tank body, agitator, shaft seal, bubbler, coupling, intermediate bearing, air bubbling pipe (or air ejector), baffle, cooling device, manhole and pipeline.
The system is composed of fermentation tank, air treatment system, steam purification system, electrical control system, thermostatic system and pipeline, valve, auxiliary system, sensor and primary instrument system, lower computer control system (field PLC control system, secondary instrument), upper computer system and bench.
技(ji)術(shu)參(can)數(shu)/Technical Parameter
| 公稱體(ti)積(ji) Nominal Volume | 5~3000L |
| 裝(zhuang)液(ye)系(xi)數Liquid Loading Coefficient | 65-80%, Optimum 70% |
| 罐(guan)體(ti)配(pei)置(zhi) Can Body Configuration | 不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)SUS316L/SUS304材質(zhi)； Stainless steel SUS316L / SUS304 Material; Jacket temperature control and optimization of diversion design; Internal surface polishing, RA ≤ 0.6 μ m； External surface polishing or matte treatment (glass shot blasting); Long strip mirror with large viewing angle, complete interfaces of pH electrode, do electrode and temperature electrode; The tank cover is equipped with flame inoculation port and feeding standby interface, etc |
| 攪(jiao)拌(ban)系(xi)統 Mixing System | 頂(ding)入(ru)式(shi)機械(xie)攪拌系(xi)統；無(wu)菌(jun)機封(feng)系(xi)統；直(zhi)流(liu)攪(jiao)拌電機（10L及(ji)以(yi)下）或交流電機； Jacking mechanical mixing system; Aseptic mechanical sealing system; DC mixing motor (10L and below) or AC motor; Standard configuration: 2-layer flat impeller and one-stage high-efficiency defoaming paddle; There are also inclined blades, curved blades, axial flow blades, etc; Adjustable speed, digital setting speed control |
| 結構方(fang)式(shi) Structure Mode | 落(luo)地(di)式框架(jia)結構，節省(sheng)空間(jian)，萬(wan)向腳輪，操作(zuo)方(fang)便(bian) Floor type frame structure, space saving, universal casters, convenient operation |
| 通(tong)氣(qi)系(xi)統Ventilation System | 深(shen)層(ceng)通(tong)氣(qi)，全(quan)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管路； Deep ventilation, all stainless steel pipeline; Glass rotor flowmeter display, pressure display, manual valve adjustment flow; High efficiency sterilizing filter equipped with stainless steel housing, with a filtration accuracy of 0.01 μ m； External compressed air is required, equipped with high-quality water removal and pressure stabilizing devices, to continuously and stably supply gas; Optional mass flow controller for automatic control of air flow |
| 罐(guan)壓(ya)控制 Tank Pressure Control | 頂(ding)部(bu)排(pai)氣(qi)口(kou)配置(zhi)指針式(shi)壓(ya)力(li)表顯示(shi)罐壓(ya)，不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)閥門手(shou)動(dong)調(tiao)節； The top exhaust port is equipped with a pointer pressure gauge to display the tank pressure, and the stainless steel valve is manually adjusted; It can be equipped with inlet pressure transmitter and automatic regulating valve to realize automatic control of tank pressure |
| 溫度控制/Temperature Control | 在線檢(jian)測，數(shu)字化(hua)設定，自(zi)動(dong)/手(shou)動(dong)控制自(zi)由(you)切(qie)換(huan)； Online detection, digital setting, automatic / manual control, free switching; German PT-100 temperature probe and digital temperature instrument; Automatic temperature control of electric heating thermostatic water tank and external cooling water |
| Ph控制 Ph Control | 在線檢(jian)測，1路或2路蠕(ru)動(dong)泵(beng)自(zi)動(dong)流加堿(jian)或(huo)酸(suan)液(ye)進(jin)行調(tiao)節； Online detection, 1 or 2 peristaltic pumps automatically add alkali or acid for regulation; Imported Mettler (Hamilton) pH electrode, which can be sterilized by high temperature steam |
| 溶(rong)氧(Do) Dissolved Oxygen (Do) | 在線檢(jian)測，範(fan)圍0-100%或(huo)0-200%； Online detection, range 0-100% or 0-200%; Imported Mettler (Hamilton) do electrode, which can be sterilized by high temperature steam; Optional linkage control with speed and ventilation (to be specified when ordering) |
| 補料控制Replenishment Control | 標(biao)配(pei)1路/2路等多(duo)路蠕(ru)動(dong)泵(beng)時間(jian)比(bi)例(li)流加(jia)補料，流加量(liang)累(lei)積顯示(shi)、記錄 It is equipped with 1-way / 2-way and other multi-channel peristaltic pumps as standard, with time proportional flow feeding and feeding, and the cumulative flow feeding amount is displayed and recorded |
| 消泡(pao)方式Defoaming Mode | 傳(chuan)導(dao)式(shi)泡(pao)沫電極(ji)，泡(pao)沫異(yi)常狀(zhuang)況自(zi)動(dong)報警(jing)； The conductive foam electrode automatically alarm the abnormal condition of foam. One peristaltic pump is equipped as standard for automatic / manual flow of defoamer, and the cumulative flow dosage is displayed and recorded |
| 控制系(xi)統 Control System | 應(ying)用(yong)工(gong)業級MC-bio控制系(xi)統，采用西(xi)門子(zi)PLC控制器(qi)； Apply industrial MC bio control system and Siemens PLC controller; 32-bit true color touch screen operation interface with complete functions and stable operation; Another type a simple instrument control system is optional |
| 滅菌(jun)方式/Sterilization Method | 在位(wei)滅菌(jun)，手(shou)動(dong)控制，需(xu)接外(wai)源飽和(he)蒸汽(qi) In place sterilization, manual control, need to connect external saturated steam |
| 可(ke)選配(pei)項/Optional Configuration | 1.多(duo)路補料 Multiple feeding |
| 設備特(te)點(dian)Equipment Characteristics | 在位(wei)滅菌(jun)，安全可(ke)靠(kao)，培(pei)養(yang)基濃(nong)度(du)準(zhun)確； In situ sterilization, safe and reliable, accurate medium concentration; No risk of transmission leakage; Large viewing angle longitudinal mirror observation is clear; Various and reliable inoculation methods (standard flame inoculation port, differential pressure inoculation port and other forms are optional); Floor type tank, beautiful and generous; Easy operation and disassembly; Special specifications can be customized. |
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